Three/six-month unemployment rule

A worker who becomes unemployed would be free to seek new work within the terms and conditions of the residence permit while the permit remained in force. The worker would have to apply for a new residence permit if the new job fell outside the scope of the current permit.

A worker with a work-based residence permit would have three months to find a new job if their employment in Finland ended prematurely. If no new job was found and there were no other grounds for continued residence, then the permit would be cancelled and the worker would have to leave Finland. 

The jobseeking period is six months instead of three months:

• for specialists (including the EU Blue card)
• for workers who have lived in Finland for longer than two years with a work-based residence permit
• for senior and middle enterprise managers
• for seconded specialists and managers moving within an undertaking

Three-month/six-month unemployment rule would apply to work-based residence permits and not, for example, to permanent residence permits, familymember permits, EU citizens, or international students and researchers.

The unemployment rule does not apply to the job-seeker residence permit for international students and researchers. After graduation, students and researchers may apply for a two-year residence permit for job seeking or establishing a business. Therefore, international higher education students may, after graduation, accept even fixed-term employment without fear of revocation of the permit, since the rule does not pertain to the job-seeker permit.

The job-seeker residence permit may be applied for at any time within five years of the expiry of the student residence permit. With the job-seeker permit, one may work in any sector and without limitations, in compliance with labour legislation.

If a student already has a job secured after graduation and could qualify for a work-based residence permit, they should apply for that instead of the job-seeker permit. Such a permit is also subject to the unemployment rule.

The change does not prolong the residence permit for the duration of jobseeking. The residence permit granted for work must also be in force during unemployment. The holder of a residence permit still has to leave Finland if that permit expires before a new permit has been requested.

No.

A work-based residence permit is intended for working in Finland. The changes will link the work-based residence permit more strongly to work and improve permit supervision. 

They will also provide additional security and clarity to workers as a permit can currently be cancelled at once if the worker is unemployed. There is no regulation governing the time of such permit cancellations. Depending on their status and the remaining validity of the residence permit, workers would in future be assured of three or six months to look for a new job. The proposal also clarifies the conditions and supervision of permits for public authorities. 

It is already possible to cancel a permit due to the end of employment, because the condition for the permit, i.e. work, is no longer met. However, there are no regulations governing the time with-in which unemployment should lead to cancellation of a permit. There also is no systematic moni-toring of whether employment continues.

Since April 2023 the Finnish Immigration Service has nevertheless already applied a practice whereby residence permit cancellation procedures are not initiated within a three-month protection period.

Current work-based residence permits only allow work in the field or fields for which the permit was requested and granted. It has been possible to change employers within the field without requesting a new permit, provided that the grounds for the permit remained the same. Future holders of a worker’s residence permit in Finland would also be free to seek work in other sectors where a national labour shortage has been determined. It would not be necessary to apply for a new residence permit before starting this work, provided that the previous permit was still in force.

Verified sectors of labour shortage would be defined by government decree once a year starting in summer 2025. Currently, such sectors would include health and social services and certain service and industrial sectors.

Yes. The holder of a residence permit for an employed person would be able to switch to working in a labour shortage sector or, for example, seek additional part-time employment in such a sector.

Services and support for re-employment will be provided to international specialists if work for their first employer ends. The broadened scope of a worker's residence permit, covering not only the original field but also national labour shortage fields, will also support re-employment.

Re-employment services will be provided through the employment services of municipalities and cities. Employment services may also be accessed through International House service points in larger cities and regions.

Employers must already report that they have hired a third-country national. They should in future also notify the Finnish Immigration Service when employment ends prematurely. No such notification would be necessary when employment ends at the time indicated in the residence permit. Failure to notify may be sanctionable, most typically by a fine. 

This amendment will improve supervision of work-based residence permits. 

The employer should notify the Finnish Immigration Service of premature termination of an employment relationship through the Enter Finland service. The notification must be submitted within 14 days of the termination of the employment relationship.

Every employer must notify the Finnish Immigration Service of the premature termination of an employment relationship. In this case, the Finnish Immigration Service will examine whether the termination of one employment relationship affects the residence permit.

The amendments will enter into force on 11.6.2025.

Sweden applies a three-month post-employment jobseeking period before requiring the worker to leave the country. The corresponding period is six months in Denmark and Norway.

The jobseeking period is now also regulated by provisions at EU level. The EU Single Permit Directive requires all Member States to apply a three-month protection period in the event of unemployment for work-based residence permits, and a six-month protection period if the residence permit has been in force for two years or longer. All Member States must implement the Directive by 21 May 2026.